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Plumbline News Room 01 The 2025 Radio Hall of Fame Inductees By the Radio Hall of Fame June 2025 02 New York Times By April 2023 03 At Age 88, Birmingham Radio Legend Shelley Stewart: ‘I Ain’t Tired Yet Birmingham Times By Jamaica Harris Bowser February 1, 2023 04 City of Birmingham hosts annual AWAKEN celebration honoring Dr. Shelley Stewart WVTM13 By Mattie Davis October 2022 05 Winnowed by the Hardships of His Youth, This Top Ad Executive is Now an Advocate for Keeping Kids in School American Essence By Karim Shamsi-Basha July 2022 06 Unsung Heroes of the Civil Rights Movement The Group Travel Leader By Brian Jewell March 4, 2022 07 A Black Radio Pioneer: One-On-One with Shelley ‘The Playboy’ Stewart CBS 42 By Art Franklin February 28, 2022 08 How Shelley Stewart Subverted the System to Become an Advertising Success Ad Week By Doug Zanger February 22, 2021 09 Groundbreaking partnership quietly defied the days of segregation Southern Jewish Life By Richard Friedman January 9, 2022

Today we’ll begin an exploration of Shelley’s fascinating life in the music world. ​We’ll hear a clip of his interview with Eddie Kendricks, a lead singer with The Temptations. The interview traces the evolution of The Temptations, and discusses the surprising strategies of Barry Gordy and Motown Records and how they would manage the careers of groups, giving hit songs to certain groups to increase their popularity and accelerate their careers. Season Two: Episode 01: Shelley's Life In Music Interview with Eddie Kendricks Today we’ll begin an exploration of Shelley’s fascinating life in the music world. Over the course of his career, Shelley worked with many major names in music, such as Jackie Wilso n, Aretha Franklin , Wilson Pickett , and The Temptations . And he became fast friends with musical giants such as Bobby "Blue" Bland , Otis Redding , and Isaac Hayes . Today we’ll hear a clip of his interview with Eddie Kendricks , a lead singer with The Temptations. The interview traces the evolution of The Temptations, and discusses the surprising strategies of Barry Gordy and Motown Records and how they would manage the careers of groups, giving hit songs to certain groups to increase their popularity and accelerate their careers. Eddie also talks about his youth on the streets of Birmingham, Alabama, and how his life very nearly went in another, darker direction. Listen to the episode: The Last Interview with Eddie Kendricks Follow us and continue the conversation on Facebook , Instagram , and LinkedIn . Shelley Stewart Eddie Kendricks Photo Provided By Shelley Stewart Click An Icon Below To Listen To Shelley's Plumbline Podcast

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Season 5: SEASON 5: EPISODE 1 Horace Huntley and the Dangers of Cultural Annihilation. SEASON 5: EPISODE 2 Early Slave Rebellions SEASON 5: EPISODE 3 Excerpts from "Remembering Slavery." SEASON 5: EPISODE 4 Shelley Reflects on Black History Month and Racism in America. SEASON 5: SPECIAL EDITON Hate Crimes [Rebroadcast] SEASON 5: EPISODE 5 Celebrating Powerful Women SEASON 5: EPISODE 6 Did Malcolm X Teach Us Something or Are We Doing the Same Thing Now? SEASON 5: EPISODE 7 Wake Up, Everybody. SEASON 5: EPISODE 8 Wake Up, Everybody, Part 2. SEASON 5: EPISODE 9 An interview with Park Scott on the Bahai Faith SEASON 5: EPISODE 10 Your Vote is Your Voice. Are You a Democrat or a Republican. Click An Icon Below To Listen To Shelley's Plumbline Learn More Book For Speaking Engagements

In 1989, two gang members from the Birmingham area approached Shelley and asked to be on his show, "Open Mic." While the nature of gang life has changed between 1989 and 2023, there are a surprising number of things that are still in common. In fact, you might be surprised to discover the backgrounds of many gang members are not what you think. Youth Gangs & Drug Dealers Series In 1989, two gang members from the Birmingham area approached Shelley and asked to be on his show, "Open Mic." They wanted to share their experiences about the myths and realities of gang life and share their regrets over the youth they lost while acting as members of a gang. Ironically, the mother of one of the gang members heard her son on the show and came in the following morning to share her feelings and warnings with other parents. While the nature of gang life has changed between 1989 and 2023, there are a surprising number of things that are still in common. In fact, you might be surprised to discover the backgrounds of many gang members are not what you think. Dr. Shelley Stewart,, The Choice Bus SEASON ONE EPISODE 7:YOUTH GANGS & DRUG DEALERS PART 1 SEASON ONE EPISODE 8:YOUTH GANGS & DRUG DEALERS PART 2 SEASON ONE EPISODE 8:YOUTH GANGS & DRUG DEALERS PART 3 Click An Icon Below To Listen To Podcast Dive Deeper National Gang Center The National Gang Center (NGC) is a project funded by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP), the Office of Justice Programs (OJP), U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ). The NGC is an integral component of the Justice Department’s mission to provide innovative leadership in coordination with federal, state, local, and tribal justice systems to prevent and reduce crime. The NGC disseminates information, knowledge, and outcome‐driven practices that engage and empower those in local communities with chronic and emerging gang problems to create comprehensive solutions to prevent gang violence, reduce gang involvement, and suppress gang‐related crime. Read More Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) Gang Violence Prevention To address youth gangs, the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) supports a range of programs and activities designed to prevent and suppress gang violence and recruitment. In FY 2019 , OJJDP awarded $7.4 million to support communities as they work to deter and suppress gang activity and provide services and treatment to victims of gang-related violence and crime. OJJDP provided direct funding to support the coordination of gang suppression efforts and activities by prosecutorial and law enforcement agencies; to reduce gang activity by focusing on strategies to disrupt recruitment and incentivize desistance by supporting programs that offer alternative support mechanisms for youth Read More Gangs in America's Communities Gangs in America's Communities, Third Edition blends theory with current research to help readers identify essential features associated with youth violence and gangs, as well as apply strategies for gang control and prevention. Authors Dr. James C. Howell and Dr. Elizabeth Griffiths introduce readers to theories of gang formation, illustrate various ways of defining and classifying gangs, and discuss national trends in gang presence and gang-related violence across American cities. They also offer evidence-based strategies for positioning communities to prevent, intervene, and address gang activity. New to the Third Edition: A series of new case studies document the evolution of numerous gangs in large cities, including the community aspect, evolutionary nature, and how cities influence levels of violence. New discussions highlighting the role of social media, insights into how gangs use it to recruit members, and the response from law enforcement. Current nationwide gang trends are discussed to encourage readers to analyze and interpret the most recent statistics for which representative data is available. Updated macro and micro gang theories enable readers to explore a recent encapsulation of leading developmental models. New discussions around female gang members offer readers potentially effective programs for discouraging females from joining gangs—along with highly regarded delinquency prevention and reduction programs that have the potency to be effective in reducing gang crimes among young women. A comprehensive gang prevention, intervention, and suppression program in Multnomah County, Oregon shows how theory was successfully applied to reduce gang activity in a local community. New research on “gang structures” and their rates of crime illustrate the connections between violent crimes and the amount of violent offenders within a gang. Additional discussion of distinguishing features (e.g., typologies) of major gangs, and numerous examples of gang symbols, tattoos, and graffiti has been added to help readers identify and differentiate various types of gangs. KEY FEATURES: Quotes from real-life gang members are threaded throughout the book, providing the reader with a more personal perspective. Comprehensive coverage of gang origins, definitions, national trends, significance, assessment, and prevention provide readers with a foundational understanding of gangs. Compelling Case studies demonstrate the practical applications of the theories being discussed and encourage classroom discussion. Coverage of prison gangs and gender/ethnicity topics differentiates various ways to approach gang related issues such as the unique treatment needs, implications for prevention, and recommended services for female gang members. All-inclusive survey data published by the National Gang Center presents national and localized perspectives on gang trends, providing insight into topics such as female gangs, migration of gang members, small-town gangs versus the major adult gangs in large cities, gang homicides and drug trafficking The text covers both basic research (on causes and correlations of gang involvement) and applied research (what works and what doesn’t in combating gangs) to get readers to critically access the unique situation of gang activity within a particular community. Research summaries and historical perspectives help provide context for the reader and improve their critical thinking skills. Rent or Purchase eBook or Paperback National Gang Center YouTube Channel Knowing The Past Opens The Door To The Future: The Continuing Importance of Black History Month A project to support reductions in gang crime and violence. Views expressed do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of NGC and its funders. The YouTube Channel features videos, webinar series, and podcast audio. Watch Or Listen Now

In this episode, Shelley reflects on an interview from 1991 that covers the topic of racial identity. Which is the correct terminology? Black? African-American, People of Color? The interview also discusses class differences among Blacks. Be advised that this episode contains frank discussions about race and uses the n-word. Listener discretion is advised. Season Two: Episode 06 Life After Life In Prison Today’s episode features a 1993 interview with Julius Davis, a man who had just spent 19 years in prison. At 21 years of age, he had been handed two life sentences for his involvement in two separate murders. Julius discusses how prior to his crimes, he was involved as a positive influence in his community and how two bad decisions led him to prison. While in prison, however, Julius did not fall victim to negative influences. He created a circle of constructive people who kept their spirits in a positive place and made the best of the prison experience. Listen and hear how he continued his positive influence on the community after his release. Click An Icon Below To Listen To Shelley's Plumbline Podcast Follow us and continue the conversation on Facebook , Instagram , and LinkedIn . InsideOut In 2007, Dr. Shelley Stewart produced InsideOut, a powerful 26-minute film that presents a clear message to young people, inspiring students to see graduation as the doorway to the rest of their lives. In the film, inmates from two maximum-security prisons deliver their compelling stories directly to students ... from the InsideOut.InsideOut is a powerful 26-minute film that presents a clear message to young people, inspiring students to see graduation as the doorway to the rest of their lives. In the film, inmates from two maximum-security prisons deliver their compelling stories directly to students ... from the InsideOut. To date, InsideOut has touched the lives of more than 15 million parents, teachers, students and communities throughout the United States and Canada. Shelley Stewart_InsideOut Clip Play Video InsideOut Watch Now Share Whole Channel This Video Facebook Twitter Pinterest Tumblr Copy Link Link Copied Share Channel Info Close Order A Copy Of InsideOut Today! Shop Now Prisoners Have A Message To Our Youth Play Video All Videos Articles Read More Read More Read More Read More Read More Read More Upload

Shelley's Plumbline is a podcast that leads us in a search for the truth on tough social topics. The podcast is hosted by Dr. Shelley Stewart. WELCOME TO SEASON 13! Radio Hall of Fame Announces 2025 Inductees. Click To Read More. The Oldest Podcaster in The United States Welcome to the Plumbline JOIN OUR SEARCH FOR TRUTH In construction, a plumbline is a weight suspended from a string used as a tool to find the true reference line. A plumbline will always find the vertical axis pointing to the center of gravity, ensuring everything is right, justified, and centered. Pulling from a library of more than 3,000 shows from his storied career in broadcasting, Shelley's Plumbline leads us in a search for the truth, opening the channels of communication and understanding on tough social topics that are as relevant today as they were 40 years ago. Join us as we explore the past, compare it to today, and craft a better future. Listen to this week's episode "I will never allow my personal agenda get in the way of common sense." Dr. Shelley Stewart Upload Click An Icon Below To Listen To Podcast BUSINESS & SPEAKING ENQUIRIES EVENTS PRESS PR & PODCAST ENQUIRIES

Season 3: SEASON 3: EPISODE 1 Rare Speech of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. SEASON 3: EPISODE 2 Yvonne Turner: On of Human Rights True Shero SEASON 3: EPISODE 3 Shelley's 89th Birthday SEASON 3: EPISODE 4 Uncovering the Movement: An Interview with N. H. Fireball Smith SEASON 3: EPISODE 5 Dr. Vincent Harding Discusses The True Meaning of the Struggle SEASON 3: EPISODE 6 James Armstrong and His Story of the Integration of Graymont School SEASON 3: EPISODE 7 An Interview with Tommy Wrenn, Foot Soldier in the Movement SEASON 3: EPISODE 8 Yvonne Willie Author of the Boy Who Didn't Want to Be Black SEASON 3: EPISODE 9 Mayor Ford Talks About Redistricting in the 90s SEASON 3: EPISODE 10 An Open Forum Discussion on William Raspberry, Racism and Economic Power Click An Icon Below To Listen To Shelley's Plumbline Learn More Book For Speaking Engagements

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Listen to Season 2 Now We've got new content for you every Wednesday. Make sure you subscribe! Follow us and continue the conversation on Facebook , Instagram , and LinkedIn . SEASON TWO: EPISODE 10 The Plantation Ghost Today Shelley shares an interview from 1995 with Ezekwa Abdullah. Ezekwa argues that Blacks still repress themselves and suffer a form of psychological slavery in the collective subconscious psyche because attitudes of repression have been preserved and passed from one generation to the next. The ghost of the plantation exists today because not enough has been done to condemn this point of view. View Episode 10 Details & Resources Click An Icon Below To Listen To Podcast Recently Aired SEASON TWO: EPISODE 10 The Plantation Ghost Today Shelley shares an interview from 1995 with Ezekwa Abdullah. Ezekwa argues that Blacks still repress themselves and suffer a form of psychological slavery in the collective subconscious psyche because attitudes of repression have been preserved and passed from one generation to the next. The ghost of the plantation exists today because not enough has been done to condemn this point of view. View Episode 10 Details & Resources SEASON TWO: EPISODE 9 Free By Choice Inmates Share Their Stories Today, Shelley replays an interview from the Free By Choice program, which brought inmates from Alabama prisons on the air to speak openly about their crimes and the decisions which led to them. These Free By Choice inmates had a strong desire to share their stories so their suffering could serve to help others avoid making the same mistakes. View Episode 9 Details & Resources SEASON TWO: EPISODE 8 The Persistent Problem of Colorism Today, Shelley reaches back into his archive to an interview with Mariam McClendon. They discuss colorism, that is, the differences in perception between light- and dark-complected blacks and the challenges darker-complected blacks encounter – even from members of their own race. Even though the interview is from 1991, the problem of colorism still exists today, hindering relationships and opportunities among blacks. View Episode 8 Details & Resources SEASON TWO: EPISODE 7 From Running Track to Running Drugs: An Interview with Orlando Jones Today’s episode of Shelley’s Plumbline features an interview from 1989 with Orlando Jones, a one-time track star at the University of Alabama. Orlando shares his story of how he went from running on a track as an All-American scholarship athlete to running drugs across the border in Mexico, eventually getting caught and landing in prison. He shares his message in the hope that others might avoid his fate. View Episode 7 Details & Resources SEASON TWO: EPISODE 6 Life After Prison:An Interview with Julius Davis Today’s episode features a 1993 interview with Julius Davis, a man who had just spent 19 years in prison. At 21 years of age, he had been handed two life sentences for his involvement in two separate murders. Julius discusses how prior to his crimes, he was involved as a positive influence in his community and how two bad decisions led him to prison. While in prison, however, Julius did not fall victim to negative influences. He created a circle of constructive people who kept their spirits in a positive place and made the best of the prison experience. Listen and hear how he continued his positive influence on the community after his release. View Episode 6 Details & Resources SEASON TWO: EPISODE 5 I Love The Skin I'm In In this episode, Shelley reflects on an interview from 1991 that covers the topic of racial identity. Which is the correct terminology? Black? African-American, People of Color? The interview also discusses class differences among Blacks. Be advised that this episode contains frank discussions about race and uses the n-word. Listener discretion is advised. View Episode 5 Details & Resources SEASON TWO: EPISODE 4 The Evolution of Black Media, Part 2 Today we continue exploring the Evolution of Black Media and the role Black radio stations played during the Civil Rights Movement of the 60s. We explore how the Black population began to look to popular disc jockeys such as Jack Gibson, Gertrude Cooper, Georgie Woods, Martha Jean “the Queen,” and the Plumbline’s very own Shelley “The Playboy” Stewart to hear coded messages regarding protests and demonstrations. Black Radio stations gave a voice to Dr. King and other prominent members of the Movement and became the medium of choice for disseminating urgent messages and direction. View Episode 4 Details & Resources SEASON TWO: EPISODE 3 The Evolution of Black Media, Part 1 This week we kick off the first of a two-part series on the Evolution of Black Media. In this episode, Shelley tells us about the early days of Black Media and how much of the entertainment for black audiences was produced by whites. Amos N Andy, for example, a well-known radio sitcom, was produced and performed by two white actors. Shelley recalls how the first black man in radio, Jack Cooper, blazed a trail in 1929, and by the time Shelley created his Playboy persona, he wasn’t interested in entertaining just blacks; he used the power of music to bring people together. View Episode 3 Details & Resources SEASON TWO: EPISODE 2 Finding Musical Talent on the Chitlin' Circuit Today we continue telling the story of Shelley’s life in the world of music as he reflects on his days traveling the south on what was known as the Chitlin' Circuit. As a talent agent for Shelby Singleton Productions, Shelley traveled the Chitlin Circuit searching for talent that played in small towns throughout the South. He would then take the talent to big cities to cut records and get exposure. He discovered Clarence Junior Lewis, who went by the stage name “CL Blast” Shelley discovered Willie Hightower and Johnny Adams. He managed The Dynamic Soul Machine and helped launch the career of JV Jenkins, who performed a moving rendition of Peace in the Valley at the inauguration of Birmingham’s first black mayor, Richard Arrington. Listen in as Shelley shares music, insights, and inside stories about his life on the “Chitlin' Circuit.” View Episode 2 Details & Resources SEASON TWO: EPISODE 1 Eddie Kendricks' Last Interview View Episode 1 Details & Resources Today, we’ll begin an exploration of Shelley’s fascinating life in the music world. Over the course of his career, Shelley worked with many major names in music, such as Jackie Wilso n, Aretha Franklin , Wilson Pickett , and The Temptations . And he became fast friends with musical giants such as Bobby "Blue" Bland , Otis Redding , and Isaac Hayes . We’ll hear a clip of his interview with Eddie Kendricks , a lead singer with The Temptations. The interview traces the evolution of The Temptations, and discusses the surprising strategies of Barry Gordy and Motown Records and how they would manage the careers of groups, giving hit songs to certain groups to increase their popularity and accelerate their careers. Shelley Stewart LISTEN Season One Episode 1: Internalized Racism Season One Episode 2: Did Dr. Martin Luther King's Dream Become A Nightmare? Season One Episode 3: Homelessness Season One Episode 4: Hate Crimes Season One Episode 5: Is There A Need For HBCUs? Season One Episode 6: Should We End Black History Month? Season One Episode 7: Y outh Gangs & Drug Dealers Season One Episode 8: Part 2 Of Youth Gangs & Drug Dealers Season One Episode 9: Part 3 Of Youth Gangs & Drug Dealers Season One Episode 10: Interview With Jim Porter, Former NRA President Listen Upload EMAIL: CORLETTE@SHELLEYSPLUMBLINE.COM PR & PODCAST ENQUIRIES BUSINESS & SPEAKING ENQUIRIES PRESS EVENTS

Today we continue exploring the Evolution of Black Media and the role Black radio stations played during the Civil Rights Movement of the 60s. We explore how the Black population began to look to popular disc jockeys such as Jack Gibson, Gertrude Cooper, Georgie Woods, Martha Jean “the Queen,” and the Plumbline’s very own Shelley “The Playboy” Stewart to hear coded messages regarding protests and demonstrations. Images Sources: CBS 1942, Jim Crow Museum, Radio Hall of Fame, and Shelley Stewart Ain't Gonna Let Nobody Turn Me Around (Live) [feat. The Eubie Blake School Choir] The Eubie Blake School Choir 00:00 / 01:57 Season Two: Episode 04 The Evolution of Black Media, Part 2 Today we continue exploring the Evolution of Black Media and the role Black radio stations played during the Civil Rights Movement of the 60s. We explore how the Black population began to look to popular disc jockeys such as Jack Gibson , Gertrude Cooper, Georgie Woods , Martha Jean “the Queen ,” and the Plumbline’s very own Shelley “The Playboy” Stewart to hear coded messages regarding protests and demonstrations. Black Radio stations gave a voice to Dr. King and other prominent members of the Movement and became the medium of choice for disseminating urgent messages and direction. Shelley Stewart, WAOK Books Black-oriented radio emerged after World War II. Full time programming from sun-up to sun-down; blues, spirituals, rhythm and blues replaced jazz as the primary form of music. These improvising "street rapping" Disc Jockeys dominated the airwaves. Welcome to Black Radio...Winner Takes All! View More After World War II, when thousands of African Americans left farms, plantations, and a southern way of life to migrate north, African American disc jockeys helped them make the transition to the urban life by playing familiar music and giving them hints on how to function in northern cities. These disc jockeys became cultural heroes and had a major role in the development of American broadcasting. This collection of interviews documents the personalities of the pioneers of Black radio, as well as their personal struggles and successes. The interviewees also define their roles in the civil rights movement and relate how their efforts have had an impact on how African Americans are portrayed over the air. View More One of the most innovative and ambitious books to appear on the civil rights and black power movements in America, Just My Soul Responding also offers a major challenge to conventional histories of contemporary black and popular music. Brian Ward explores in detail the previously neglected relationship between Rhythm and Blues, black consciousness, and race relations within the context of the ongoing struggle for black freedom and equality in the United States. Instead of simply seeing the world of black music as a reflection of a mass struggle raging elsewhere, Ward argues that Rhythm and Blues, and the recording and broadcasting industries with which it was linked, formed a crucial public arena for battles over civil rights, racial identities, and black economic empowerment. View More As a five-year-old in Home-wood, Alabama, Shelley Stewart watched his father kill his mother with an axe. Two years later, Stewart escaped the care of abusive relatives, making a living as a stable hand. A stint in the army led to electroshock treatments for trying to integrate whites-only dances. But despite numerous setbacks, he never gave up his will to succeed. Eventually, odd jobs at radio stations laid the foundation for a 50-year career in broadcasting. View More Photos of The Plumbline's Host, Dr. Shelley Stewart Scroll/Click Arrow To View Photos Click An Icon Below To Listen To Shelley's Plumbline Podcast Dive Deeper The University of Arizona The Evolution of Black Representation on Television February 21, 2022 Television has served as "a primary source of America's racial education," says UArizona scholar Stephanie Troutman Robbins. Q: What are the main ways that TV's depiction of Black people has changed over time? A: Early television really reflected a very narrow representation of non-white characters. And a lot of the earlier characters were caricatures and racist depictions in many ways. And then as time goes on, we start to see more Black folks and we start to see them move from peripheral or secondary characters into primary focus. But for a while in television, you had extremes. You had the Black criminal stereotype and all the negative tropes associated with Blackness on the one hand, and then you had good, assimilating, respectable Black characters on the other. In the '80s, "The Cosby Show" depicted a Black affluent family who were different from the way that Blacks were mostly portrayed in mainstream TV at the time. Read More Read More National Museum of African America History & Culture Defending Freedom, Defining Freedom Blackface: The Birth of An American Stereotype Historian Dale Cockrell once noted that poor and working-class whites who felt “squeezed politically, economically, and socially from the top, but also from the bottom, invented minstrelsy” as a way of expressing the oppression that marked being members of the majority, but outside of the white norm. Minstrelsy, comedic performances of “blackness” by whites in exaggerated costumes and make-up, cannot be separated fully from the racial derision and stereotyping at its core. By distorting the features and culture of African Americans—including their looks, language, dance, deportment, and character—white Americans were able to codify whiteness across class and geopolitical lines as its antithesis. Make sure you check out their collection at https://shorturl.at/btTV3 Doug Battema Pictures of a Bygone Era: The Syndication of Amos ‘n’ Andy, 1954-66 Abstract This article seeks to raise questions about historiographical practice, challenge the reliance on apparently stable discourses of nation and race within contemporary historiography, and expand understanding of the potential and multiple sites of influence in which television operated during its early years as a popular medium. Drawing on principles articulated by Foucault and de Certeau about the production and generation of knowledge, the article critiques previous historical examinations of Amos ‘n’ Andy for overlooking salient features of the television program's cultural and industrial context, as well as its syndication run from the mid-1950s to the mid-1960s. Using information about the syndication of Amos ‘n’ Andy gleaned principally from entertainment and advertising trade journals, the article points out how a more thorough understanding of the local, regional, and international context and of industrial practices may prove essential for recognizing possibilities about the patterns and circulation of cultural beliefs and historiographical norms. Battema, D. (2006). Pictures of a Bygone Era: The Syndication of Amos ‘n’ Andy, 1954-66. Television & New Media, 7(1), 3–39. https://doi.org/10.1177/1527476403253999 . Read More Lanier Frush Holt Writing the wrong: can counter-stereotypes offset negative media messages about African Americans? Abstract Several studies show media messages activate or exacerbate racial stereotypes. This analysis, however, may be the first to examine which types of information—those that directly contradict media messages (i.e., crime-related) or general news (i.e., non-crime-related)—are most effective in abating stereotypes. Its findings suggest fear of crime is becoming more a human fear, not just a racial one. Furthermore, it suggests tbat for younger Americans, the concomitant dyad of the black criminal stereotype—race and crime—is fueled more by crime than by race. Holt, L. F. (2013). Writing the wrong: can counter-stereotypes offset negative media messages about African Americans? Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 90(1), 108. Read More Lanier Frush Holt Writing the wrong: can counter-stereotypes offset negative media messages about African Americans? Abstract Several studies show media messages activate or exacerbate racial stereotypes. This analysis, however, may be the first to examine which types of information—those that directly contradict media messages (i.e., crime-related) or general news (i.e., non-crime-related)—are most effective in abating stereotypes. Its findings suggest fear of crime is becoming more a human fear, not just a racial one. Furthermore, it suggests tbat for younger Americans, the concomitant dyad of the black criminal stereotype—race and crime—is fueled more by crime than by race. Holt, L. F. (2013). Writing the wrong: can counter-stereotypes offset negative media messages about African Americans? Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 90(1), 108. Read More Upload